Dovlet Yol Polis Idaresi: The State Traffic Police Department of Azerbaijan
Road safety is a vital issue that affects millions of people around the world every year. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 1.35 million people die, and 50 million people are injured, in road crashes annually. Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death for children and young adults aged 529. In Azerbaijan, official statistics show that 759 people died in road crashes in 2019, and many more were seriously injured. Despite investments in road infrastructure and improved enforcement of traffic rules, road fatalities in Azerbaijan are much higher than in most European countries.
One of the key institutions that is responsible for ensuring road safety and preventing traffic accidents in Azerbaijan is the Dovlet Yol Polis Idaresi (DYPI), or the State Traffic Police Department. This article will provide an overview of what DYPI is, what are its main functions, how it works to improve road safety and reduce traffic accidents, what are the legal framework and regulations for road traffic in Azerbaijan, what are the statistics and trends of road traffic accidents and fatalities in Azerbaijan, and what are the initiatives and projects for enhancing road safety in Azerbaijan.
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The legal framework and regulations for road traffic in Azerbaijan
The main legal document that regulates road traffic in Azerbaijan is the Law on Road Traffic, which was adopted in 1998 and amended several times since then. The Law defines the rights and obligations of traffic participants, the rules of conduct on roads, the responsibilities for violating traffic rules, the procedures for registering vehicles, issuing driving licenses, investigating road accidents, etc. The Law also establishes the DYPI as the main authority for implementing and enforcing the Law on Road Traffic.
In addition to the Law on Road Traffic, another important document that guides the road safety policy in Azerbaijan is the State Road Safety Program for 2019-2023, which was launched by the Government of Azerbaijan in 2018. The Program sets ambitious targets for reducing road traffic injuries by 30% by 2023, compared to 2016 levels. The Program also outlines specific actions and measures to achieve these targets, such as improving road infrastructure, enhancing traffic management, strengthening law enforcement, raising public awareness, developing emergency services, etc.
As part of the legal framework and regulations for road traffic in Azerbaijan, there are also traffic rules and fines for violations that apply to all traffic participants. The traffic rules cover various aspects of driving behavior, such as speed limits, seat belt use, mobile phone use, alcohol consumption, etc. The fines for violating traffic rules range from 10 to 600 Azerbaijani manat (5 to 300), depending on the severity of the offense. For example, speeding can result in a fine from 20 to 150 AZN (10 to 75), not wearing a seat belt can result in a fine of 40 AZN (20), using a mobile phone while driving can result in a fine of 50 AZN (25), drunk driving can result in a fine from 100 to 600 AZN (50 to 300), etc.
<h2 The role of road police and their powers and responsibilities
The road police, or the DYPI, is a specialized department within the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan. The DYPI is responsible for ensuring road safety and preventing traffic accidents in Azerbaijan. The main functions of the DYPI are:
To control and regulate road traffic, including issuing driving licenses, registering vehicles, inspecting technical conditions of vehicles, etc.
To enforce traffic rules and impose fines for violations, including using speed cameras, breathalyzers, radar guns, etc.
To investigate and record road accidents, including collecting evidence, interviewing witnesses, determining causes and liabilities, etc.
To provide assistance and support to traffic participants, including offering first aid, towing vehicles, directing traffic, etc.
To conduct awareness campaigns and education programs for drivers and pedestrians, including organizing seminars, distributing leaflets, broadcasting messages, etc.
The road police have the power and authority to stop any vehicle or person on the road for inspection or questioning. They can also issue tickets or warnings for traffic violations, or detain or arrest offenders for serious offenses. The road police are required to wear uniforms and badges, and to carry identification cards and service weapons. The road police are also obliged to act in accordance with the law and respect the rights and dignity of traffic participants.
The statistics and trends of road traffic accidents and fatalities in Azerbaijan
Road traffic accidents are a major public health and social problem in Azerbaijan. According to the State Statistical Committee of Azerbaijan (SSCA), there were 4,372 road accidents in 2019, resulting in 759 deaths and 5,015 injuries. This means that on average, there were 12 road accidents per day, 2 deaths per day, and 14 injuries per day. The number of road accidents in 2019 was 3.6% lower than in 2018, but the number of deaths was 1.9% higher than in 2018. The number of injuries was 4.4% lower than in 2018.
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The main causes of road accidents in Azerbaijan are human factors, such as speeding, drunk driving, distracted driving, violating traffic rules, etc. According to the SSCA, speeding was the cause of 1,590 road accidents (36.4% of the total) in 2019, resulting in 304 deaths (40% of the total) and 1,798 injuries (35.9% of the total). Drunk driving was the cause of 271 road accidents (6.2% of the total) in 2019, resulting in 51 deaths (6.7% of the total) and 328 injuries (6.5% of the total). Distracted driving was the cause of 246 road accidents (5.6% of the total) in 2019, resulting in 41 deaths (5.4% of the total) and 298 injuries (5.9% of the total).
The distribution of road casualties by age, gender, and road user type shows that young males are the most vulnerable group on the roads. According to the SSCA, males accounted for 82.7% of the deaths and 75.3% of the injuries in road accidents in 2019. Females accounted for 17.3% of the deaths and 24.7% of the injuries in road accidents in 2019. The age group of 25-34 years old had the highest number of deaths (207) and injuries (1,331) in road accidents in 2019. The age group of 15-24 years old had the second highest number of deaths (145) and injuries (1,030) in road accidents in 2019. The age group of over 65 years old had the lowest number of deaths (38) and injuries (206) in road accidents in 2019. Drivers accounted for 43.6% of the deaths and 47.8% of the injuries in road accidents in 2019. Passengers accounted for 32% of the deaths and 31.7% of the injuries in road accidents in 2019. Pedestrians accounted for 24.4% of the deaths and 20.5% of the injuries in road accidents in 2019. The initiatives and projects for enhancing road safety in Azerbaijan
In order to improve road safety and reduce traffic accidents in Azerbaijan, the Government of Azerbaijan, the DYPI, and other stakeholders have launched various initiatives and projects that aim to address the main causes and risk factors of road crashes. Some of these initiatives and projects are:
The awareness campaigns and education programs for drivers and pedestrians, such as the "Safe Driving" campaign, the "Road Safety Week", the "Road Safety Month", the "Road Safety Day", etc. These campaigns and programs aim to raise public awareness of traffic rules, road hazards, safe driving behavior, etc. They also provide training and guidance for drivers and pedestrians on how to prevent or deal with road accidents.
The infrastructure improvements and technical innovations for safer roads, such as the installation of traffic lights, signs, markings, barriers, cameras, sensors, etc. These improvements and innovations aim to improve road conditions, traffic flow, visibility, etc. They also help to monitor and control traffic violations, such as speeding, drunk driving, etc.
The international cooperation and best practices for road safety, such as the participation in the United Nations Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020, the European Union Eastern Partnership Transport Panel, the TRACECA Road Safety II project, etc. These cooperation and best practices aim to exchange knowledge, experience, and expertise on road safety issues with other countries and organizations. They also help to adopt international standards and norms for road safety.
Conclusion
Road safety is a crucial issue that affects the lives and well-being of millions of people in Azerbaijan and around the world. The DYPI is the main institution that is responsible for ensuring road safety and preventing traffic accidents in Azerbaijan. The DYPI works under the legal framework and regulations for road traffic in Azerbaijan, which include the Law on Road Traffic, the State Road Safety Program, the traffic rules and fines, etc. The DYPI also collects and analyzes the statistics and trends of road traffic accidents and fatalities in Azerbaijan, which show that human factors are the main causes of road crashes, and that young males are the most vulnerable group on the roads. The DYPI also implements various initiatives and projects for enhancing road safety in Azerbaijan, such as awareness campaigns, education programs, infrastructure improvements, technical innovations, international cooperation, etc.
Road safety is a shared responsibility that requires the cooperation and commitment of all traffic participants. As drivers and pedestrians, we can contribute to improving road safety by following traffic rules, respecting other road users, avoiding risky behavior, etc. As citizens and society members, we can support road safety efforts by raising awareness, demanding accountability, participating in decision-making, etc. By working together with the DYPI and other stakeholders, we can make our roads safer for everyone.
Sources and references
State Statistical Committee of Azerbaijan (2020). . Retrieved from
World Health Organization (2018). . Retrieved from
Government of Azerbaijan (2018). . Retrieved from
Ministry of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan (2020). . Retrieved from
TRACECA (2020). . Retrieved from
Frequently Asked Questions
What is dovlet yol polis idaresi (DYPI)?
DYPI is the State Traffic Police Department of Azerbaijan. It is a specialized department within the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan that is responsible for ensuring road safety and preventing traffic accidents in Azerbaijan.
What are the main functions of DYPI?
The main functions of DYPI are to control and regulate road traffic, to enforce traffic rules and impose fines for violations, to investigate and record road accidents, to provide assistance and support to traffic participants, and to conduct awareness campaigns and education programs for drivers and pedestrians.
What are the main causes of road accidents in Azerbaijan?
The main causes of road accidents in Azerbaijan are human factors, such as speeding, drunk driving , distracted driving, violating traffic rules, etc. These factors account for more than 90% of road accidents in Azerbaijan.
What are the main challenges for road safety in Azerbaijan?
The main challenges for road safety in Azerbaijan are the rapid growth of motorization, the poor condition of some roads, the lack of public transport options, the low awareness and compliance of traffic participants, the insufficient enforcement and data collection, etc.
What are the main initiatives and projects for enhancing road safety in Azerbaijan?
The main initiatives and projects for enhancing road safety in Azerbaijan are the State Road Safety Program for 2019-2023, which sets targets and actions for reducing road traffic injuries by 30% by 2023, the awareness campaigns and education programs for drivers and pedestrians, such as the "Safe Driving" campaign, the "Road Safety Week", etc., the infrastructure improvements and technical innovations for safer roads, such as the installation of traffic lights, signs, cameras, etc., and the international cooperation and best practices for road safety, such as the participation in the UN Decade of Action for Road Safety, the EU Eastern Partnership Transport Panel, the TRACECA Road Safety II project, etc.
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